Typical primary symptoms include nasal congestion, runny nose or rhinorrhea, as well as itchy palate and ears. Secondary symptoms include involvement of the middle ears, eustachian tubes, and sinuses, inducing symptoms such as headache, ear pain, and decreased hearing. Multiple central nervous system complaints may occur, including fatigue, irritability, anxiety, and even depression. As in other atopic disease, the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis involves specific IgE production after exposure to airborne allergens.
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