TYPES OF REJECTION EPISODES
Hyperacute rejection
This can occur minutes or hours after the transplant. This type of rejection is very rare. It is untreatable and the kidney is removed immediately.
Acute rejection
Acute rejection appears as an inflammation in the kidney. This usually needs quick diagnosis and action. It usually occurs in the early weeks following a transplant. This why you will have frequent blood tests in the first weeks after your transplant. Mild acute rejection is very common in the first year after a kidney transplant.
Acute rejection sometimes causes pain and fever but usually has no symptoms. An increasing eGFR or creatinine is usually the first sign of acute rejection. A biopsy of the kidney transplant is often used to diagnosis rejection and to decide on the best treatment.
Chronic rejection
Chronic rejection refers to a gradual process, which leads to scarring and damage in the transplanted kidney. This usually occurs over several years and can be very difficult to treat. Often this is due to anti-HLA antibodies that are present. During this time the kidney is gradually losing its function and may eventually fail, leading to the need for dialysis and another kidney transplant.
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