Interestingly, there have been several mutations in the host that help provide resistance to malarial infection. Most striking has been the appearance of the heterozygous sickle cell trait (Hbas), which confers a survival advantage in endemic disease. Second, the absence of the red cell Duffy antigen (receptor for plasmodium vivax) is quite protective. Finally, the presence of HLA-B53 in individuals is associated with resistance to the disease.
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