Live attenuated vaccines are useful because they infect, replicate, and immunize in a manner similar to natural infection but with milder clinical symptoms. Examples include many of the childhood infections such as measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR vaccine), chicken pox (varicella) and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for tuberculosis. Although millions of doses have been administered with no complications, if given to an immunocompromised host (such as primary immunodeficiency or secondary to HIV infection), these live vaccines may cause serious disease.
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