Most of the genes in the major histocompatibility complex region express high polymorphism that is fundamental for their function. The most important function of HLA molecule is in the induction and regulation of immune responses. Many of human diseases, such as autoimmune, inflammatory and malignant, are significantly more common among individuals carrying particular HLA alleles. HLA-disease association is the name of this phenomenon, and mechanism underlying is still a subject of hot debate.
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