The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system is crucial in lymphocyte activation, and HLA antigens can provoke potent humoral and cellular immune responses that mediate allograft rejection. Matching for HLA promotes the successful outcome of transplanting an organ such as a kidney or a heart. The role of the tissue-typing laboratory is to assess the degree of HLA compatibility between donor and recipient, and by serum screening and crossmatching to determine the presence of donor-specific antibodies that might be harmful to the organ transplant.
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