Organ transplantation has been used to treat and-stage disease. Many types of organs have been successfully transplanted. However, the histocompatibility barrier between recipient and donor remains a problem because it can activate immune responses that lead to graft rejection. Although immunosuppresive drugs such as cyclosporin and tacrolimus reduce rejection, successful managemet of the transplant requires an understanding of the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system.
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